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152. Maryland 1812 Sheriff, Baltimore and Baltimore County
153. Maryland 1812 Sheriff, Calvert County
154. Maryland 1812 Sheriff, Caroline County
155. Maryland 1812 Sheriff, Cecil County
156. Maryland 1812 Sheriff, Charles County
157. Maryland 1812 Sheriff, Dorchester County
158. Maryland 1812 Sheriff, Frederick County
159. Maryland 1812 Sheriff, Harford County
160. Maryland 1812 Sheriff, Kent County
161. Maryland 1812 Sheriff, Montgomery County
162. Maryland 1812 Sheriff, Prince George's County
163. Maryland 1812 Sheriff, Queen Anne's County
164. Maryland 1812 Sheriff, Saint Mary's County
165. Maryland 1812 Sheriff, Somerset County
166. Maryland 1812 Sheriff, Talbot County
167. Maryland 1812 Sheriff, Washington County
168. Maryland 1812 Sheriff, Worcester County
169. Maryland 1813 Sheriff, Allegany County
170. Maryland 1815 Sheriff, Allegany County
171. Maryland 1815 Sheriff, Anne Arundel County
172. Maryland 1815 Sheriff, Baltimore and Baltimore County
173. Maryland 1815 Sheriff, Calvert County
174. Maryland 1815 Sheriff, Caroline County
175. Maryland 1815 Sheriff, Cecil County
176. Maryland 1815 Sheriff, Charles County
177. Maryland 1815 Sheriff, Dorchester County
178. Maryland 1815 Sheriff, Frederick County
179. Maryland 1815 Sheriff, Harford County
180. Maryland 1815 Sheriff, Kent County
181. Maryland 1815 Sheriff, Montgomery County
182. Maryland 1815 Sheriff, Prince George's County
183. Maryland 1815 Sheriff, Queen Anne's County
184. Maryland 1815 Sheriff, Saint Mary's County
185. Maryland 1815 Sheriff, Somerset County
186. Maryland 1815 Sheriff, Talbot County
187. Maryland 1815 Sheriff, Washington County
188. Maryland 1815 Sheriff, Worcester County
189. Maryland 1818 Sheriff, Allegany County
190. Maryland 1818 Sheriff, Anne Arundel County
191. Maryland 1818 Sheriff, Baltimore County
192. Maryland 1818 Sheriff, Calvert County
193. Maryland 1818 Sheriff, Caroline County
194. Maryland 1818 Sheriff, Cecil County
195. Maryland 1818 Sheriff, Charles County
196. Maryland 1818 Sheriff, Dorchester County
197. Maryland 1818 Sheriff, Frederick County
198. Maryland 1818 Sheriff, Harford County
199. Maryland 1818 Sheriff, Kent County
200. Maryland 1818 Sheriff, Montgomery County
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On April 28, 1788, the Maryland Legislature, by a vote of 63 to 11, became the seventh state to ratify the new proposed national Constitution.
With the creation of Allegany on December 25, 1789, the number of counties in Maryland increased to nineteen, a number that stayed constant until 1837. In addition, Baltimore and Annapolis were classified as cities.
Maryland had three Legislative bodies. The House of Delegates, which was elected annually in October, had eighty members; four were chosen at large from each county and two from both Baltimore City and Annapolis.
A State Senate of fifteen members was chosen every five years in early September and by an unusual method. An Electoral College of forty members was chosen, consisting of two members from the counties and one each from Baltimore City and Annapolis. The Electoral College then voted to elect nine Senators to represent the Western Counties and six for what was termed the Eastern Shore. There was not much interest in these elections until 1801, when for the first time; they became a political contest between the Federalist and Republican parties.
In addition to the above, a Governor’s Council of five members was elected annually by a joint session of the House of Delegates and State Senate. They assisted the Governor who was also chosen yearly by the Legislature.
Since the House of Delegates and State Senate voted together in electing the Governor, United States Senators and Governor’s Council, a potentially difficult situation could arise, if control of these two bodies was split between both parties. This played out in the election of 1800, when for the first time, Republicans won control of the House of Delegates, but Federalists still controlled the State Senate. As a result, the Federalists were able to elect their Governor, United States Senator and the entire Governor’s Council, even though Republicans had clearly won the state election.
Popular elections were held in Maryland for Congress, Presidential Electors, House of Delegates, State Senator Electors and County Sheriff. After the elections of 1788 and 1792, all Congressmen and Presidential Electors were chosen by districts. In addition, popular elections for city officers were held in Baltimore and Annapolis.
Except for the overwhelming Republican vote from Baltimore City, the parties were over all fairly evenly matched. After losing control of the state in 1801, the Federalists stayed relatively competitive and were able to rebound and capture the House of Delegates in 1808, and again from 1812–1817. Their greatest victory came in 1816 when they elected five out of nine congressmen, all fifteen State Senators, and had a 56 to 24 edge in the House of Delegates.
With their large majorities in the House of Delegates after 1812 and then by winning the State Senate in 1816, the Federalists were able to elect their Governors and Council members from 1812–1818 along with two United States Senators, one in 1813 and another in 1816. For several years they were in complete control of the Maryland Government.
By 1819 the Federalists lost their majority in the House of Delegates and two years later the entire State Senate. Only fourteen Federalists were elected to the House of Delegates in 1823. However, the following year in an unexpected turn of events, Federalists ran candidates in seven of the eight congressional contests, electing three members and losing another by running two candidates, splitting their votes, thus allowing a Republican to win. Voter turnout for this election was the highest ever cast in Maryland. It was perhaps a precursor to the changing political scene that was about to engulf the nation.
- "State History", Maryland, Things to do.com, (2006)Software Solutions
- Archives of Maryland Historical List Maryland Government
Sheriff
Sheriff: executes civil and criminal process throughout the county, has charge of the jail and prisoners, attends courts and keeps the peace.
Oxford English Dictionary
In many states, the Sheriff was also an election official and their signature can be found on copies of Original Documents, ranging from state to federal elections. In Congressional districts having more than one county, the Sheriffs of each county would meet in a designated County Court House, compare the returns and certify the results. If the Sheriff of a county did not appear, the votes from his county would not be counted.
1787 - 1824: Alabama, Delaware, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina
Office Scope: County / City / District (Pennsylvania, South Carolina)
Role Scope: County / City / District (Pennsylvania, South Carolina)