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102. Ohio 1812 House of Representatives, Butler County
103. Ohio 1812 House of Representatives, Columbiana County
104. Ohio 1812 House of Representatives, Coshocton and Tuscarawas Counties
105. Ohio 1812 House of Representatives, Franklin County
106. Ohio 1812 House of Representatives, Hamilton County
107. Ohio 1812 House of Representatives, Licking County
108. Ohio 1812 House of Representatives, Miami County
109. Ohio 1812 House of Representatives, Montgomery County
110. Ohio 1812 House of Representatives, Muskingum County
111. Ohio 1812 House of Representatives, Pickaway County
112. Ohio 1812 House of Representatives, Ross County
113. Ohio 1812 House of Representatives, Trumbull County
114. Ohio 1812 House of Representatives, Warren County
115. Ohio 1813 House of Representatives, Ashtabula, Cuyahoga and Geauga Counties
116. Ohio 1813 House of Representatives, Athens and Washington Counties
117. Ohio 1813 House of Representatives, Belmont County
118. Ohio 1813 House of Representatives, Columbiana County
119. Ohio 1813 House of Representatives, Hamilton County
120. Ohio 1813 House of Representatives, Harrison and Jefferson Counties
121. Ohio 1813 House of Representatives, Knox and Richland Counties
122. Ohio 1813 House of Representatives, Montgomery County
123. Ohio 1813 House of Representatives, Muskingum County
124. Ohio 1813 House of Representatives, Ross County
125. Ohio 1813 House of Representatives, Trumbull County
126. Ohio 1813 House of Representatives, Warren County
127. Ohio 1814 House of Representatives, Adams County
128. Ohio 1814 House of Representatives, Ashtabula, Cuyahoga and Geauga Counties
129. Ohio 1814 House of Representatives, Athens and Washington Counties
130. Ohio 1814 House of Representatives, Clermont County
131. Ohio 1814 House of Representatives, Clinton County
132. Ohio 1814 House of Representatives, Columbiana County
133. Ohio 1814 House of Representatives, Coshocton and Tuscarawas Counties
134. Ohio 1814 House of Representatives, Fairfield County
135. Ohio 1814 House of Representatives, Guernsey County
136. Ohio 1814 House of Representatives, Hamilton County
137. Ohio 1814 House of Representatives, Harrison and Jefferson Counties
138. Ohio 1814 House of Representatives, Knox and Richland Counties
139. Ohio 1814 House of Representatives, Miami County
140. Ohio 1814 House of Representatives, Montgomery County
141. Ohio 1814 House of Representatives, Muskingum County
142. Ohio 1814 House of Representatives, Ross County
143. Ohio 1814 House of Representatives, Trumbull County
144. Ohio 1814 House of Representatives, Warren County
145. Ohio 1815 House of Representatives, Adams County
146. Ohio 1815 House of Representatives, Athens and Washington Counties
147. Ohio 1815 House of Representatives, Belmont and Monroe Counties
148. Ohio 1815 House of Representatives, Butler County
149. Ohio 1815 House of Representatives, Clermont County
150. Ohio 1815 House of Representatives, Columbiana County
151. Ohio 1815 House of Representatives, Hamilton County
152. Ohio 1815 House of Representatives, Harrison and Jefferson Counties
153. Ohio 1815 House of Representatives, Knox and Richland Counties
154. Ohio 1815 House of Representatives, Miami County
155. Ohio 1815 House of Representatives, Montgomery County
156. Ohio 1815 House of Representatives, Montgomery County, Special
157. Ohio 1815 House of Representatives, Muskingum County
158. Ohio 1815 House of Representatives, Pike and Ross Counties
159. Ohio 1815 House of Representatives, Stark and Wayne Counties
160. Ohio 1815 House of Representatives, Trumbull County
161. Ohio 1816 House of Representatives, Ashtabula, Cuyahoga, Geauga and Huron Counties
162. Ohio 1816 House of Representatives, Belmont and Monroe Counties
163. Ohio 1816 House of Representatives, Butler County
164. Ohio 1816 House of Representatives, Columbiana County
165. Ohio 1816 House of Representatives, Coshocton and Tuscarawas Counties
166. Ohio 1816 House of Representatives, Fairfield County
167. Ohio 1816 House of Representatives, Guernsey County
168. Ohio 1816 House of Representatives, Hamilton County
169. Ohio 1816 House of Representatives, Harrison County
170. Ohio 1816 House of Representatives, Jefferson County
171. Ohio 1816 House of Representatives, Miami County
172. Ohio 1816 House of Representatives, Montgomery County
173. Ohio 1816 House of Representatives, Muskingum County
174. Ohio 1816 House of Representatives, Richland County
175. Ohio 1816 House of Representatives, Ross County
176. Ohio 1816 House of Representatives, Stark County
177. Ohio 1816 House of Representatives, Trumbull County
178. Ohio 1816 House of Representatives, Warren County
179. Ohio 1816 House of Representatives, Wayne County
180. Ohio 1817 House of Representatives, Belmont and Monroe Counties
181. Ohio 1817 House of Representatives, Butler County
182. Ohio 1817 House of Representatives, Clermont County
183. Ohio 1817 House of Representatives, Columbiana County
184. Ohio 1817 House of Representatives, Fairfield County
185. Ohio 1817 House of Representatives, Guernsey County
186. Ohio 1817 House of Representatives, Harrison County
187. Ohio 1817 House of Representatives, Jefferson County
188. Ohio 1817 House of Representatives, Knox County
189. Ohio 1817 House of Representatives, Licking County
190. Ohio 1817 House of Representatives, Montgomery County
191. Ohio 1817 House of Representatives, Muskingum County
192. Ohio 1817 House of Representatives, Stark County
193. Ohio 1817 House of Representatives, Trumbull County
194. Ohio 1817 House of Representatives, Warren County
195. Ohio 1818 House of Representatives, Ashtabula, Cuyahoga, Geauga, Huron and Portage Counties
196. Ohio 1818 House of Representatives, Butler County
197. Ohio 1818 House of Representatives, Columbiana County
198. Ohio 1818 House of Representatives, Coshocton and Tuscarawas Counties
199. Ohio 1818 House of Representatives, Darke and Miami Counties
200. Ohio 1818 House of Representatives, Franklin County
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In these years, Ohio changed from a virtually unpeopled frontier area within the Northwest Territory to the fourth most powerful state in federal elections. Its first significant elections were for the lower house of the Territorial Assembly in December 1798. Suffrage was restricted to adult males who owned fifty acres freehold (the most limited franchise in the nation), although Governor Arthur St. Clair extended the vote to those who owned town lots of comparable value. Voting took place viva voce at the county seat, under the supervision of men appointed by the governor, who also determined apportionment and could veto legislation and prorogue (postpone) and dissolve the Assembly. The upper house, the Council, was appointed by the president from a list of names drawn up by the house; Congress appointed the governor on the president's nomination. This authoritarian system was overthrown when Congress passed the Enabling Act of 1802, authorizing the calling of a convention elected virtually on the basis of manhood suffrage.
Ohio became a state in March 1803, operating under the constitution drafted in November 1802. That instrument gave little power or patronage, and no veto, to the governor, who was elected biennially. The all-powerful General Assembly was divided into two chambers: The House was elected annually by county constituencies, and the Senate was elected biennially, half the members each year, in districts made up of one or more counties. There were no property qualifications for membership in the Assembly. Every four years the state took a census of adult males and redistributed legislative seats, and congressional districts were reapportioned each decade immediately after Congress had reapportioned the federal House and electoral college. Beginning with the first presidential election in 1804, the electors were chosen by statewide popular vote. The right to vote was limited to white adult males who had been resident for one year and had paid a tax. However, because the state constitution defined compulsory work on the roads as a tax and all adult males between the ages of 18 and 55 were obliged to work on the roads (or buy a substitute), this amounted to a nearly all-inclusive franchise for white males. From the start, voting was by secret ballot, with ballots deposited in special locked boxes, and whereas under the territory, voters had had to travel to the few county seats to vote, people now voted at a central place in each of the rapidly multiplying townships.
This democratic electoral system produced elections that saw a surprising degree of partisan action and comparatively high—but fluctuating—voter involvement, especially after 1807 when the key elections began to coincide in even years. The Federalist predominance of the territorial period was overthrown in 1802—1803, and the then overwhelmingly dominant Democratic-Republican party soon divided along factional lines, notably over the role of the judiciary. In some parts of the state, the Federalist Party revived after 1807 but suffered a severe decline after 1816. As a consequence, nonpartisan elections became even more common, although old-party considerations operated in some local elections into the 1820s. In 1824 Ohio's first competitive election for the presidency saw turnout surge as voters began giving their allegiance to entirely new political formations.
Bibliography
Annual Report of the Secretary of the State to the Governor of the State of Ohio: including the statistical report to the general assembly for the year 1875. Colombus, OH: Nevins & Myers, State Printers, 1876. (Lists members of the General Assembly and their districts from the formation of the state)- Brown, Jeffrey P. and Andrew R. L. Cayton, eds.
The Pursuit of Public Power: Political Culture in Ohio, 1787–1861. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 1994. - Cayton, Andrew R. L.
The Frontier State: Ideology and Politics in the Ohio Country. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 1986. - Ohio Historical Society, Ohio Fundamental Documents Searchable Database,
http://www.ohiohistory.org/resource/database/funddocs.html - Ratcliffe, Donald J.
"Voter Turnout in Early Ohio," Journal of the Early Republic, 7 (1987): 223–251. Reprinted in New Perspectives on the Early Republic, ed. Ralph D. Gray and Michael A. Morrison. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1994, pp. 269–297. - ________.
"The Mystery of Ohio's Missing Presidential Election Returns, 1804–1848," Archival Issues: The Journal of the Midwest Archives Conference, 17(2)(1992): 137–144. - ________.
Party Spirit in a Frontier Republic: Democratic Politics in Ohio, 1793–1821. Columbus, OH: Ohio State University Press, 1998. - ________.
The Politics of Long Division: The Birth of the Second Party System in Ohio, 1818–1828. Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 2000. - ________.
"The Changing Political World of Thomas Worthington." inThe Center of a Great Empire: The Ohio Country in the Early Republic , ed. Andrew R. L. Cayton and Stuart D. Hobbs. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2005, pp. 36–61. - Utter, William T.
The Frontier State, 1803–1825 , 1943 reprint ed. Columbus: Ohio Historical Society, 1968), Vol. 2 of Carl Wittke, ed., A History of the State of Ohio, 6 vols. Columbus: Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society, 1941–1944.
House of Representatives
House of Representatives: the lower or popular house of the United States Congress or of a State legislature. The name of the lower house in all states prior to 1825 except for Maryland and Virginia, (House of Delegates), New Jersey and New York (Assembly) and North Carolina (House of Commons).
Oxford English Dictionary
1787 - 1825: Alabama, Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Missouri, New Hampshire, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Vermont
Office Scope: State
Role Scope: County / District / Town(ship) / Parish