Results navigation
402. Ohio 1819 House of Representatives, Portage County
403. Ohio 1819 House of Representatives, Ross County
404. Ohio 1819 House of Representatives, Stark County
405. Ohio 1819 House of Representatives, Trumbull County
406. Ohio 1819 House of Representatives, Warren County
407. Ohio 1819 House of Representatives, Wayne County
408. Ohio 1819 State Senate, Ashtabula, Cuyahoga, Geauga, Huron and Portage Counties
409. Ohio 1819 State Senate, Columbiana County
410. Ohio 1819 State Senate, Coshocton, Guernsey, Morgan and Tuscarawas Counties
411. Ohio 1819 State Senate, Hamilton County
412. Ohio 1819 State Senate, Jefferson County
413. Ohio 1819 State Senate, Montgomery County
414. Ohio 1819 State Senate, Morgan, Muskingum and Perry Counties
415. Ohio 1819 State Senate, Ross County
416. Ohio 1819 State Senate, Warren County
417. Ohio 1819 State Supreme Court Judge, Ballot 2
418. Ohio 1820 Governor
419. Ohio 1820 House of Representatives, Ashtabula County
420. Ohio 1820 House of Representatives, Butler County
421. Ohio 1820 House of Representatives, Columbiana County
422. Ohio 1820 House of Representatives, Columbiana County, Special
423. Ohio 1820 House of Representatives, Cuyahoga County
424. Ohio 1820 House of Representatives, Darke and Shelby Counties
425. Ohio 1820 House of Representatives, Franklin County
426. Ohio 1820 House of Representatives, Gallia, Jackson, and Meigs Counties
427. Ohio 1820 House of Representatives, Hamilton County
428. Ohio 1820 House of Representatives, Harrison County
429. Ohio 1820 House of Representatives, Huron and Sandusky Counties
430. Ohio 1820 House of Representatives, Jefferson County
431. Ohio 1820 House of Representatives, Knox County
432. Ohio 1820 House of Representatives, Lawrence, Pike and Scioto Counties
433. Ohio 1820 House of Representatives, Licking County
434. Ohio 1820 House of Representatives, Medina and Portage Counties
435. Ohio 1820 House of Representatives, Montgomery County
436. Ohio 1820 House of Representatives, Morgan and Washington Counties
437. Ohio 1820 House of Representatives, Muskingum County
438. Ohio 1820 House of Representatives, Ross County
439. Ohio 1820 House of Representatives, Stark County
440. Ohio 1820 House of Representatives, Trumbull County
441. Ohio 1820 House of Representatives, Warren County
442. Ohio 1820 State Senate, Ashtabula and Geauga Counties
443. Ohio 1820 State Senate, Butler County
444. Ohio 1820 State Senate, Darke, Miami, Preble and Shelby Counties
445. Ohio 1820 State Senate, Delaware, Franklin, Madison and Union Counties
446. Ohio 1820 State Senate, Gallia, Jackson and Meigs Counties
447. Ohio 1820 State Senate, Hamilton County
448. Ohio 1820 State Senate, Harrison County
449. Ohio 1820 State Senate, Knox and Richland Counties
450. Ohio 1820 State Senate, Lawrence, Pike and Scioto Counties
451. Ohio 1820 State Senate, Licking and Perry Counties
452. Ohio 1820 State Senate, Medina and Portage Counties
453. Ohio 1820 State Senate, Muskingum County, Special
454. Ohio 1820 State Senate, Stark County
455. Ohio 1820 State Senate, Trumbull County
456. Ohio 1820 State Senate, Warren County
457. Ohio 1820 Treasurer, Special
458. Ohio 1820 Treasurer, Special, Ballot 2
459. Ohio 1820 Treasurer, Special, Ballot 3
460. Ohio 1820 Treasurer, Special, Ballot 4
461. Ohio 1821 House of Representatives, Ashtabula County
462. Ohio 1821 House of Representatives, Columbiana County
463. Ohio 1821 House of Representatives, Cuyahoga County
464. Ohio 1821 House of Representatives, Darke and Shelby Counties
465. Ohio 1821 House of Representatives, Delaware County
466. Ohio 1821 House of Representatives, Franklin County
467. Ohio 1821 House of Representatives, Geauga County
468. Ohio 1821 House of Representatives, Greene County
469. Ohio 1821 House of Representatives, Hamilton County
470. Ohio 1821 House of Representatives, Hamilton County
471. Ohio 1821 House of Representatives, Harrison County
472. Ohio 1821 House of Representatives, Huron and Sandusky Counties
473. Ohio 1821 House of Representatives, Medina and Portage Counties
474. Ohio 1821 House of Representatives, Miami County
475. Ohio 1821 House of Representatives, Montgomery County
476. Ohio 1821 House of Representatives, Morgan and Washington Counties
477. Ohio 1821 House of Representatives, Stark County
478. Ohio 1821 House of Representatives, Trumbull County
479. Ohio 1821 House of Representatives, Warren County
480. Ohio 1821 State Senate, Ashtabula and Geauga Counties
481. Ohio 1821 State Senate, Athens, Morgan and Washington Counties
482. Ohio 1821 State Senate, Columbiana County
483. Ohio 1821 State Senate, Cuyahoga, Huron and Sandusky Counties
484. Ohio 1821 State Senate, Darke, Miami, Preble and Shelby Counties, Special
485. Ohio 1821 State Senate, Hamilton County
486. Ohio 1821 State Senate, Montgomery County
487. Ohio 1821 State Senate, Ross County
488. Ohio 1822 Governor
489. Ohio 1822 House of Representatives, Ashtabula County
490. Ohio 1822 House of Representatives, Butler County
491. Ohio 1822 House of Representatives, Clermont County
492. Ohio 1822 House of Representatives, Columbiana County
493. Ohio 1822 House of Representatives, Cuyahoga County
494. Ohio 1822 House of Representatives, Darke and Shelby Counties
495. Ohio 1822 House of Representatives, Delaware County
496. Ohio 1822 House of Representatives, Fairfield County
497. Ohio 1822 House of Representatives, Franklin County
498. Ohio 1822 House of Representatives, Geauga County
499. Ohio 1822 House of Representatives, Hamilton County
500. Ohio 1822 House of Representatives, Harrison County
Results navigation
In these years, Ohio changed from a virtually unpeopled frontier area within the Northwest Territory to the fourth most powerful state in federal elections. Its first significant elections were for the lower house of the Territorial Assembly in December 1798. Suffrage was restricted to adult males who owned fifty acres freehold (the most limited franchise in the nation), although Governor Arthur St. Clair extended the vote to those who owned town lots of comparable value. Voting took place viva voce at the county seat, under the supervision of men appointed by the governor, who also determined apportionment and could veto legislation and prorogue (postpone) and dissolve the Assembly. The upper house, the Council, was appointed by the president from a list of names drawn up by the house; Congress appointed the governor on the president's nomination. This authoritarian system was overthrown when Congress passed the Enabling Act of 1802, authorizing the calling of a convention elected virtually on the basis of manhood suffrage.
Ohio became a state in March 1803, operating under the constitution drafted in November 1802. That instrument gave little power or patronage, and no veto, to the governor, who was elected biennially. The all-powerful General Assembly was divided into two chambers: The House was elected annually by county constituencies, and the Senate was elected biennially, half the members each year, in districts made up of one or more counties. There were no property qualifications for membership in the Assembly. Every four years the state took a census of adult males and redistributed legislative seats, and congressional districts were reapportioned each decade immediately after Congress had reapportioned the federal House and electoral college. Beginning with the first presidential election in 1804, the electors were chosen by statewide popular vote. The right to vote was limited to white adult males who had been resident for one year and had paid a tax. However, because the state constitution defined compulsory work on the roads as a tax and all adult males between the ages of 18 and 55 were obliged to work on the roads (or buy a substitute), this amounted to a nearly all-inclusive franchise for white males. From the start, voting was by secret ballot, with ballots deposited in special locked boxes, and whereas under the territory, voters had had to travel to the few county seats to vote, people now voted at a central place in each of the rapidly multiplying townships.
This democratic electoral system produced elections that saw a surprising degree of partisan action and comparatively high—but fluctuating—voter involvement, especially after 1807 when the key elections began to coincide in even years. The Federalist predominance of the territorial period was overthrown in 1802—1803, and the then overwhelmingly dominant Democratic-Republican party soon divided along factional lines, notably over the role of the judiciary. In some parts of the state, the Federalist Party revived after 1807 but suffered a severe decline after 1816. As a consequence, nonpartisan elections became even more common, although old-party considerations operated in some local elections into the 1820s. In 1824 Ohio's first competitive election for the presidency saw turnout surge as voters began giving their allegiance to entirely new political formations.
Bibliography
Annual Report of the Secretary of the State to the Governor of the State of Ohio: including the statistical report to the general assembly for the year 1875. Colombus, OH: Nevins & Myers, State Printers, 1876. (Lists members of the General Assembly and their districts from the formation of the state)- Brown, Jeffrey P. and Andrew R. L. Cayton, eds.
The Pursuit of Public Power: Political Culture in Ohio, 1787–1861. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 1994. - Cayton, Andrew R. L.
The Frontier State: Ideology and Politics in the Ohio Country. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 1986. - Ohio Historical Society, Ohio Fundamental Documents Searchable Database,
http://www.ohiohistory.org/resource/database/funddocs.html - Ratcliffe, Donald J.
"Voter Turnout in Early Ohio," Journal of the Early Republic, 7 (1987): 223–251. Reprinted in New Perspectives on the Early Republic, ed. Ralph D. Gray and Michael A. Morrison. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1994, pp. 269–297. - ________.
"The Mystery of Ohio's Missing Presidential Election Returns, 1804–1848," Archival Issues: The Journal of the Midwest Archives Conference, 17(2)(1992): 137–144. - ________.
Party Spirit in a Frontier Republic: Democratic Politics in Ohio, 1793–1821. Columbus, OH: Ohio State University Press, 1998. - ________.
The Politics of Long Division: The Birth of the Second Party System in Ohio, 1818–1828. Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 2000. - ________.
"The Changing Political World of Thomas Worthington." inThe Center of a Great Empire: The Ohio Country in the Early Republic , ed. Andrew R. L. Cayton and Stuart D. Hobbs. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2005, pp. 36–61. - Utter, William T.
The Frontier State, 1803–1825 , 1943 reprint ed. Columbus: Ohio Historical Society, 1968), Vol. 2 of Carl Wittke, ed., A History of the State of Ohio, 6 vols. Columbus: Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society, 1941–1944.