Results navigation
2. Ohio 1805 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Dayton Township
3. Ohio 1805 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Dayton Township
4. Ohio 1805 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Washington Township
5. Ohio 1806 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Harding Township
6. Ohio 1806 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Jefferson Township
7. Ohio 1806 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Randolph Township
8. Ohio 1806 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Washington Township
9. Ohio 1807 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Dayton Township
10. Ohio 1807 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Harding Township
11. Ohio 1807 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Jefferson Township
12. Ohio 1808 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Dayton Township
13. Ohio 1808 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Dayton Township
14. Ohio 1808 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, German Township
15. Ohio 1808 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Washington Township
16. Ohio 1809 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Dayton Township
17. Ohio 1809 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, German Township
18. Ohio 1809 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Jefferson Township
19. Ohio 1809 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Madison Township
20. Ohio 1809 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Randolph Township
21. Ohio 1809 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Washington Township
22. Ohio 1810 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Wayne Township
23. Ohio 1811 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Dayton Township
24. Ohio 1811 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Dayton Township
25. Ohio 1811 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, German Township
26. Ohio 1811 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Jefferson Township
27. Ohio 1812 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Dayton Township
28. Ohio 1812 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, German Township
29. Ohio 1812 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Jefferson Township
30. Ohio 1812 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Randolph Township
31. Ohio 1812 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Washington Township
32. Ohio 1812 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Washington Township
33. Ohio 1813 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, German Township
34. Ohio 1813 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Madison Township
35. Ohio 1813 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Madison Township
36. Ohio 1813 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Washington Township
37. Ohio 1813 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Wayne Township
38. Ohio 1814 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Dayton Township
39. Ohio 1814 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Hardy Township
40. Ohio 1814 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Jefferson Township
41. Ohio 1814 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Madison Township
42. Ohio 1815 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Dayton Township
43. Ohio 1815 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Dayton Township
44. Ohio 1815 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, German Township
45. Ohio 1815 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, German Township
46. Ohio 1815 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Jackson Township
47. Ohio 1815 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Jefferson Township
48. Ohio 1815 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Randolph Township
49. Ohio 1815 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Randolph Township
50. Ohio 1815 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Washington Township
51. Ohio 1815 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Wayne Township
52. Ohio 1816 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Jefferson Township
53. Ohio 1816 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Washington Township
54. Ohio 1816 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Wayne Township
55. Ohio 1816 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Wayne Township
56. Ohio 1817 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Dayton Township
57. Ohio 1817 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, German Township
58. Ohio 1817 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Madison Township
59. Ohio 1818 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Butler Township
60. Ohio 1818 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Dayton Township
61. Ohio 1818 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Dayton Township
62. Ohio 1818 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, German Township
63. Ohio 1818 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Jackson Township
64. Ohio 1818 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Jackson Township
65. Ohio 1818 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Jefferson Township
66. Ohio 1818 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Randolph Township
67. Ohio 1818 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Wayne Township
68. Ohio 1819 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Butler Township
69. Ohio 1819 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, German Township
70. Ohio 1819 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Jefferson Township
71. Ohio 1819 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Madison Township
72. Ohio 1819 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Washington Township
73. Ohio 1819 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Wayne Township
74. Ohio 1820 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Dayton Township
75. Ohio 1820 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Jackson Township
76. Ohio 1820 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Jefferson Township
77. Ohio 1820 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Madison Township
78. Ohio 1820 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Perry Township
79. Ohio 1820 Justice of the Peace, Morgan County, Morgan Township
80. Ohio 1820 Justice of the Peace, Shelby County, Greene Township
81. Ohio 1821 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Butler Township
82. Ohio 1821 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Dayton Township
83. Ohio 1821 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Dayton Township
84. Ohio 1821 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, German Township
85. Ohio 1821 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Jackson Township
86. Ohio 1821 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Madison Township
87. Ohio 1821 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Perry Township
88. Ohio 1821 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Randolph Township
89. Ohio 1821 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Randolph Township
90. Ohio 1821 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Washington Township
91. Ohio 1821 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Wayne Township
92. Ohio 1821 Justice of the Peace, Morgan County, Morgan Township
93. Ohio 1822 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Butler Township
94. Ohio 1822 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, German Township
95. Ohio 1822 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Jackson Township
96. Ohio 1822 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Jefferson Township
97. Ohio 1822 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Washington Township
98. Ohio 1822 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Washington Township
99. Ohio 1822 Justice of the Peace, Montgomery County, Wayne Township
100. Ohio 1822 Justice of the Peace, Shelby County, Cynthian Township
Results navigation
In these years, Ohio changed from a virtually unpeopled frontier area within the Northwest Territory to the fourth most powerful state in federal elections. Its first significant elections were for the lower house of the Territorial Assembly in December 1798. Suffrage was restricted to adult males who owned fifty acres freehold (the most limited franchise in the nation), although Governor Arthur St. Clair extended the vote to those who owned town lots of comparable value. Voting took place viva voce at the county seat, under the supervision of men appointed by the governor, who also determined apportionment and could veto legislation and prorogue (postpone) and dissolve the Assembly. The upper house, the Council, was appointed by the president from a list of names drawn up by the house; Congress appointed the governor on the president's nomination. This authoritarian system was overthrown when Congress passed the Enabling Act of 1802, authorizing the calling of a convention elected virtually on the basis of manhood suffrage.
Ohio became a state in March 1803, operating under the constitution drafted in November 1802. That instrument gave little power or patronage, and no veto, to the governor, who was elected biennially. The all-powerful General Assembly was divided into two chambers: The House was elected annually by county constituencies, and the Senate was elected biennially, half the members each year, in districts made up of one or more counties. There were no property qualifications for membership in the Assembly. Every four years the state took a census of adult males and redistributed legislative seats, and congressional districts were reapportioned each decade immediately after Congress had reapportioned the federal House and electoral college. Beginning with the first presidential election in 1804, the electors were chosen by statewide popular vote. The right to vote was limited to white adult males who had been resident for one year and had paid a tax. However, because the state constitution defined compulsory work on the roads as a tax and all adult males between the ages of 18 and 55 were obliged to work on the roads (or buy a substitute), this amounted to a nearly all-inclusive franchise for white males. From the start, voting was by secret ballot, with ballots deposited in special locked boxes, and whereas under the territory, voters had had to travel to the few county seats to vote, people now voted at a central place in each of the rapidly multiplying townships.
This democratic electoral system produced elections that saw a surprising degree of partisan action and comparatively high—but fluctuating—voter involvement, especially after 1807 when the key elections began to coincide in even years. The Federalist predominance of the territorial period was overthrown in 1802—1803, and the then overwhelmingly dominant Democratic-Republican party soon divided along factional lines, notably over the role of the judiciary. In some parts of the state, the Federalist Party revived after 1807 but suffered a severe decline after 1816. As a consequence, nonpartisan elections became even more common, although old-party considerations operated in some local elections into the 1820s. In 1824 Ohio's first competitive election for the presidency saw turnout surge as voters began giving their allegiance to entirely new political formations.
Bibliography
Annual Report of the Secretary of the State to the Governor of the State of Ohio: including the statistical report to the general assembly for the year 1875. Colombus, OH: Nevins & Myers, State Printers, 1876. (Lists members of the General Assembly and their districts from the formation of the state)- Brown, Jeffrey P. and Andrew R. L. Cayton, eds.
The Pursuit of Public Power: Political Culture in Ohio, 1787–1861. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 1994. - Cayton, Andrew R. L.
The Frontier State: Ideology and Politics in the Ohio Country. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 1986. - Ohio Historical Society, Ohio Fundamental Documents Searchable Database,
http://www.ohiohistory.org/resource/database/funddocs.html - Ratcliffe, Donald J.
"Voter Turnout in Early Ohio," Journal of the Early Republic, 7 (1987): 223–251. Reprinted in New Perspectives on the Early Republic, ed. Ralph D. Gray and Michael A. Morrison. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1994, pp. 269–297. - ________.
"The Mystery of Ohio's Missing Presidential Election Returns, 1804–1848," Archival Issues: The Journal of the Midwest Archives Conference, 17(2)(1992): 137–144. - ________.
Party Spirit in a Frontier Republic: Democratic Politics in Ohio, 1793–1821. Columbus, OH: Ohio State University Press, 1998. - ________.
The Politics of Long Division: The Birth of the Second Party System in Ohio, 1818–1828. Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 2000. - ________.
"The Changing Political World of Thomas Worthington." inThe Center of a Great Empire: The Ohio Country in the Early Republic , ed. Andrew R. L. Cayton and Stuart D. Hobbs. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2005, pp. 36–61. - Utter, William T.
The Frontier State, 1803–1825 , 1943 reprint ed. Columbus: Ohio Historical Society, 1968), Vol. 2 of Carl Wittke, ed., A History of the State of Ohio, 6 vols. Columbus: Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society, 1941–1944.
Justice of the Peace
Justice of the Peace: an inferior magistrate appointed to preserve the peace in a county, town, or other district, and discharge other local magisterial functions.
Oxford English Dictionary
1804 - 1824: Ohio
Office Scope: Township
Role Scope: Township